Are there any risks, side effects, or contraindications associated with stem cell treatments, and how are complications managed if they arise during or after the procedure?

I would like to understand how the Korean regulatory system ensures the safety, efficacy, and ethical use of stem cell treatments. What specific government agencies, such as the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) or other regulatory bodies, oversee stem cell research and clinical applications in Korea? Are there strict guidelines and protocols in place to prevent unproven or unsafe treatments from being offered to patients? Additionally, what certifications, approvals, or accreditations should I look for when selecting a clinic to ensure that it meets high medical and ethical standards? Are there internationally recognized approvals, such as Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) or clinical trial registrations, that reputable clinics in Korea adhere to? Lastly, how does Korea compare to other countries in terms of regulations and patient protection in the field of stem cell therapy?